Nutrition (also called nourishment or aliment) is the provision, to cells and organisms, of the materials necessary (in the form of food) to support life. Many common health problems can be prevented or alleviated with a healthy diet.
The diet of an organism is what it eats, which is largely determined by the perceived palatability of foods. Dietitians are health professionals who specialize in human nutrition,
meal planning, economics, and preparation. They are trained to provide
safe, evidence-based dietary advice and management to individuals (in
health and disease), as well as to institutions. Clinical nutritionists
are health professionals who focus more specifically on the role of
nutrition in chronic disease, including possible prevention or
remediation by addressing nutritional deficiencies before resorting to
drugs. While government regulation of the use of this professional title
is less universal than for "dietician", the field is supported by many
high-level academic programs, up to and including the Doctoral level,
and has its own voluntary certification board, professional associations, and peer-reviewed journals, e.g. the American Society for Nutrition, Nutrition Society of India, Food Scientists and Nutritionists Association India, Indian Dietetic Association and the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
A poor diet may have an injurious impact on health, causing deficiency diseases such as scurvy and kwashiorkor; health-threatening conditions like obesity and metabolic syndrome; and such common chronic systemic diseases as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis.
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